EAP - Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences

PUBLISHED
SINCE 1952

proceedings
of the estonian academy of sciences

ISSN 1736-7530 (Electronic)
ISSN 1736-6046 (Print)

Impact Factor (2022): 0.9

Research article

Enhancement of residential PV energy storage system by supercapacitor battery – high spatial resolution data analysis; pp. 269–280

PDF | https://doi.org/10.3176/proc.2025.2S.01

Authors

Szymon Rogowski

, Sayeed Hasan, Andrii Chub, Maciej Sibiński

Abstract

This article addresses frequent instability issues observed in the operation of typical residential photovoltaic (PV) microinstallations through a new approach to energy storage system (ESS) design. Based on high-resolution, long-term recordings of power fluctuations in a residential PV installation located in Tallinn, Estonia, various instability problems are identified and analyzed. A mixed ESS is proposed to provide rapid and effective compensation for the detected fluctuations. The study introduces a hybrid energy storage solution combining supercapacitors and batteries to mitigate these issues and ensure balanced system operation. Specifically, an innovative 32 Wh supercapacitor bank, integrated with the DC link of a standard PV inverter, is proposed to address both short- and long-term power fluctuations on the generation side. Peaks and dips in power consumption and generation are detected using a Z-score-based peak detection method. Experimental results comparing different ESS configurations are presented and discussed. Furthermore, the study demonstrates how the supercapacitor bank successfully mitigates several instances of generation fluctuations. The paper also explores how the incorporation of a supercapacitor ESS in a DC microgrid can affect battery lifespan, in addition to stabilizing PV generation.

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