ESTONIAN ACADEMY
PUBLISHERS
eesti teaduste
akadeemia kirjastus
PUBLISHED
SINCE 1997
 
Archaeology cover
Estonian Journal of Archaeology
ISSN 1736-7484 (Electronic)
ISSN 1406-2933 (Print)
Impact Factor (2022): 1.0
Faunal remains from the settlement site of Pada; pp. 59–79
PDF | https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2007.1.03

Author
Liina Maldre
Abstract

The article deals with the faunal remains recovered from the Viking Age settlement site of Pada during the excavations in 1980–1982. The remains mainly contain bones of domestic animals; wild animals and seals are moderately represented. The main emphasis in animal husbandry lay on cattle, sheep/goat occupied the second position by the number of bone fragments, the third was horse and the smallest was the number of pig bones. Among cattle and horse bones the percentage of those belonging to adult specimens was relatively high, sheep/goats and pigs were mostly butchered young. Domestic animals of the Viking Age were most likely slightly larger than in the Latest Iron Age and in the Middle Ages, but the difference is not large.

References

Boessneck, J., Müller, H. H. & Teichert, M. 1964. Osteologische Unterscheidungsmerkmale zwischen Schaf (Ovis aries Linné) und Ziege (Capra hircus Linné). – Kühn-Archiv, 78, 1–129.

Davis, S. J. M. 1996.Measurements of a group of adult female Shetland sheep skeletons from a Single Flock: a baseline for zooarchaeologists. – Journal of Archaeological Science, 23, 593–612.
https://doi.org/10.1006/jasc.1996.0056

Driesch, A. 1976.Das Vermessen von Tierknochen aus vor- und frühgeschichtlichen Siedlungen. München.

Eesti talurahva ajalugu. Olion, Tallinn, 1991.

Fock, J. 1966.Metrische Untersuchungen an Metapodien einiger europäischer Rinderrassen. Dissertation. München.

Grant, A. 1982. The use of tooth wear as a guide to the age of domestic ungulates. – Ageing and Sexing Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites. (BAR British Series, 109.) Oxford, 91–107.

Haak, D. 1965.Metrische Untersuchungen an Röhrenknochen bei Deutschen Merinolandschafen und Heidschnucken. Dissertation. München.

Konsa, M., Lang, V., Lainemurd, I. & Vaab, H. 2002.Archaeological excavations at settlement site I of Linnaaluste. – AVE, 2001, 74–81.

Konsa, M., Lang, V. & Loolaid, L. 2003. Settlement site III of Linnaaluste from archaeological complex of Keava. – AVE, 2002, 51–55.

Lang, V. 1996. Muistne Rävala. Muistised, kronoloogia ja maaviljelusliku asustuse kujunemine Loode-Eestis, eriti Pirita jõe alamjooksu piirkonnas. (MT, 4.) Tallinn.

Luik, H. & Maldre, L. 2005. Bone and antler artefacts from the settlement site and cemetery of Pada in north Estonia. – From Hooves to Horns, from Mollusc to Mammoth. Manufacture and Use of Bone Artefacts from Prehistoric Times to the Present. Proceedings of the 4thMeeting of the ICAZ Worked Bone Research Group at Tallinn, 26th–31st  of August 2003. (MT, 15.) Tallinn, 263–276.

Mägi, M. 2005. Viking Age harbour site at Tornimäe, eastern Saaremaa. – AVE, 2004, 65–75.

Maldre, L. 1997. Big and small Bovids from mediaeval towns in Estonia. – Anthropozoologica, 25–26, 707–714.

Maldre, L. 2003.Aruanne Kaberla asulakohalt 2002. a. kogutud arheozooloogilisest materjalist. Manuscript at the Institute of History.

Maldre, L. 2004. Aruanne Linnaaluste I ja III asulakohast kogutud loomaluudest. Manuscript at the Institute of History.

Maldre, L. 2005. Aruanne Uugla asulakohast 2005. aastal kogutud loomaluudest. Manuscript at the Institute of History.

Maldre, L. 2006.Aruanne Tornimäelt 2004. a. kogutud loomaluudest. Manuscript at the Institute of History.

Maldre, L. In print. Koduloomaluud keskaegsest Tallinnast. (MT.) Tallinn.

Paaver, K. 1966. Iru kindlustatud asula kaevamisel 1953.–1957. a. kogutud luumaterjali määramise esialgsed tulemused. Manuscript at the Institute of History.

Paaver, K. 1970.Unipiha linnuse 1970. a. luumaterjali määramise esialgsed tulemused. Manuscript at the Institute of History.

Saks, P. & Valk, H. 2001.Loomaluude leiud Viljandi Pähklimäelt. (Viljandi Muuseumi aasta­raamat, 2001.) Viljandi, 2002, 52–58.

Schibler, J. 1991. Tierknochen als Informationsquelle zu Handwerk, Ernährung und Wirtschaftsweise im Mittelalter der Nordwestschweiz. – Methoden und Perspektiven der Archäologie des Mittelalters. Tagungsberichte zum interdistsiplinären Kolloquium vom 27.–30. September 1989 in Liestal (Schweiz). (Berichte aus der Arbeit des Amtes für Museen und Archäologie des Kantons Baselland. Archäologie und Museum, 20.) Liestal, 145–156.

Silver, I. A. 1969. The ageing of domestic animals. – Science in Archaeology. Eds D. Brothwell & E. S. Higgs. London, 283–302.

Vedru, G. 2003.Archaeological excavations in Kaberla and Lagedi villages. – AVE, 2002,
97–
103.

Wigh, B. 2001. Excavations in the Black Earth 1990–95. Animal Husbandry in the Viking Age Town of Birka and its Hinterland. (Birka Studies, 7.) Stockholm.

Паавер К. Л. 1965. Формирование териофауны и изменчивость млекопитающих При­балтики в голоцене. Тарту.
 
Тамла Т. 1978.Исследование городища и поселения в Пада. – TATÜ, 27: 4, 353–357.

Тамла Т. 1980.Предварительные результаты падаской экспедиции в 1978–1979 гг. – TATÜ, 29: 4, 378–382.

Тамла Т. 1983. Селище в Падa. – TATÜ, 32: 4, 302–306.

Тамла Т. 1984.Первое городище и хронология комплекса археологических памятников в Пада. – TATÜ, 33: 4, 360–362.

Цалкин В. И. 1956. Материалы для истории скотоводства и охоты в древней Руси. (МИА, 51.) Москва.

Back to Issue