CONTENTS &
ABSTRACTS
In English. Summaries in Estonian
Proceedings of the
Estonian Academy of Sciences.
Engineering
Volume 9 No. 4
December 2003
Special issue on
engineering materials and tribology
BALTMATTRIB-2003
Foreword; 245
Jakob Kübarsepp and Priit Kulu
Evaluation
of deformation methods of Cu-Al2O3 systems with quality
factor; 246–251
Michal Besterci, Katarína Sülleiová, and Priit Kulu
Abstract. Quality of Cu-Al2O3 composite materials, prepared vith powder metallurgy, is assessed on the basis of the analysis of the deformation processes. Powder mixture was prepared by grinding Cu and Al2O3 particles. After the compaction, the materials were deformed by extrusion, forging, and isostacic pressing. Their microstructure and mechanical properties were qualitatively evaluated. By comparison of these three deformation technologies we found isotropic microstructure in the materials forged and isostatically pressed. The materials, deformed by hot isostatic pressing, which possessed a low residual porosity (< 1%), showed optimum properties (the ultimate tensile strength and reduction of the area).
Key words: Cu-Al2O3 composites, powder metallurgy, deformation process, mechanical properties, microstructure, quality factor.
Plastic
flow of BCC metals at monotonous static and dynamic cyclic loading; 252–260
Antanas Ciuplys, Jonas Vilys, Vytautas Ciuplys, and Valdas Kvedaras
Abstract. This paper deals with the relation between the physical yield plateau and multicycle fatigue disintegration peculiarities. Low carbon steel 20 yield plateau alteration kinetics during the cyclic loading has been investigated. For this purpose samples were loaded cyclically by a fixed load for a number of cycles and after that abruptly statically stretched. It was established that plastic flow of BCC metals on the surface takes place similarly during the monotonous static and dynamic cyclic loading.
Key words: metals, mechanical properties, surface layer, cyclic loading, physical fatigue limit, yield plateau.
Elevated temperature wear of chromium carbide
based cermets; 261–271
Irina Hussainova and Maksim Antonov
Abstract. Good thermomechanical properties, combined with low density and bulk chemical stability at temperatures approaching 1300 °C, make chromium carbide based composites of interest for a variety of wear-resistant applications and especially for applications at elevated temperatures. The purpose of this work is to study the erosion behaviour of Cr3C2-Ni cermets at room and elevated temperatures of 300 and 600 °C. Systematic studies of the influence of the impact variables on the collision process have been carried out using silica particles. The erosion of ceramic-metal composites is associated with the combination of ductile and brittle modes of wear and material behaviour is influenced by both microstructure and test conditions. The high temperature oxidation behaviour of Cr3C2-Ni has been investigated to show the advantage of these materials over conventional cemented carbides at elevated temperatures.
Key words: erosion, composites, microstructure, high temperature wear,
oxidation.
Durability
of advanced TiC-base cermets; 272–280
Heinrich Klaasen, Jakob Kübarsepp, and Irina Preis
Abstract. Mechanical and wear behaviour of some advanced cemented carbides, prospective for metalforming, TiC-base cermets and WC-base hardmetals differing in composition and binder structure have been analysed in a set of tests including durability (blanking performance and fatigue endurance) complemented by SEM. It was found that the blanking performance (durability during blanking of sheet metals) of a cemented carbide is controlled by its adhesive wear resistance and fatigue sensitivity (slope of the Wöhler curve). In respect to blanking performance and fatigue endurance, the advantage of advanced steel-bonded TiC-base cermet over the conventional WC-base hardmetal used in metalforming has been revealed.
Key words: cemented carbide, cermet, hardmetal, blanking die, fatigue, wear.
Determination of residual stresses in a
galvanic coating; 281–292
Alexander Ryabchikov, Harri Lille, and Jakub Kõo
Abstract. A method for the determination of residual stresses in a galvanic coating by measuring the longitudinal deformation of a straight strip (ribbon) substrate was elaborated. For this purpose, an experimental measuring system was designed. Experiments were carried out using a nickel coating deposited bilaterally from Watt’s electrolyte on a copper or brass strip substrate, and residual stresses were calculated. An equipment for fixing the strip substrate at one end and a load with a calibrated weight at the other was designed. The longitudinal displacement of the free end of the substrate, depending on the coating thickness, was determined by measuring the deformation of the elastic element. The effect of the rigidity of the elastic element on residual stresses was investigated. The results are compared with the literature data.
Key words: residual stress, strip substrate, elastic element, longitudinal deformation, galvanic coating, measuring system.
Spray
parameter optimization and tribological properties of thermally sprayed
quasicrystalline and partially quasicrystalline coatings;
293–303
Erja Turunen, Tommi Varis, Kari Vierimaa, and Simo-Pekka Hannula
Abstract. Good tribological properties and low coefficient of friction have previously been reported for thermally sprayed quasicrystalline coatings. In this paper HVOF spray parameter optimization and tribological properties of quasicrystalline coatings, manufactured from three different compositions, is discussed. On-line diagnostics measurements and splat studies were performed to optimize spray parameters of HVOF. Quasicrystalline coatings were produced and the coating microstructure was analysed. Large amount of wear and friction tests were performed to determine the tribological properties of quasicrystalline coating. Relatively high values of the coefficient of friction were obtained in the PoD-test. These tests yielded friction values varying typically between 0.4–0.6 independent of the counter material.
Key words: high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying, quasicrystalline coatings, friction, wear, microstructure.
Applications
of recycled hardmetal powder; 304–316
Sergei Zimakov, Toomas Pihl, Priit Kulu, Maksim Antonov, and Valdek Mikli
Abstract. This paper is devoted to the study of hardmetal powders of different particle shape, produced from used hardmetal by a mechanical disintegrator milling technology. The WC-15Co hardmetal powder of 0.2 to 0.5 mm with angular and round particle shape has been investigated. Particle granularity is characterized by the mean particle size and the angularity of milled powders is described by the so-called “spike parameter”. The influence of the hardmetal particle angularity on the erosion rate of different metallic materials has been determined. The experiments showed that this parameter is crucial in abrasive particle shape characterization. The wear resistance of composite coatings, based on self-fluxing alloy and hardmetal powders of different particle shape, was studied. These coatings showed minimal difference in their wear resistance.
Key words: hardmetal powder, angularity, abrasivity, powder coatings, wear resistance.
Instructions to authors; 317–319
Copyright Transfer Agreement; 320
Contents of volume 9; 321–322