AUTONOMY
AND DUTIES TO DISTANT STRANGERS;
419-431
Jukka Varelius
University of Turku,
Finland
Abstract. One way of arguing for the position that states may
prioritize their own citizens over foreigners draws attention to the ways in
which states limit their citizens’ autonomy. States routinely coerce their
citizens by enforcing a large set of laws. This is incompatible with paying due
respect for individual autonomy, this way of thinking proceeds, and therefore
governments should compensate for the restrictions they impose on their
citizens’ autonomy by showing special concern for their own citizens. This line
of argument for governments’ prioritizing their own citizens over foreigners
has faced criticism in the recent philosophical literature. Richard J. Arneson
(2005) argues that justified laws do not impose the kinds of limitations on
citizen autonomy that would deserve compensation. Kok-Chor Tan (1993) maintains
that the kind of coercion deserving of compensation is not limited to the
national context, and that even national compensation cannot ignore the moral
claims of foreigners. This paper examines these criticisms by Arneson and Tan.
Keywords: autonomy, citizen, coercion, foreigner, global
justice duties, patriotic obligation, Arneson, Tan
References
Arneson, Richard J. (2005) “Do patriotic ties limit
global justice duties?” The Journal of
Ethics 9, 1-2, 127–150.
doi:10.1007/s10892-004-3323-x
Arneson, Richard J. (1999) “Equality of opportunity
for welfare defended and recanted”. Journal
of Political Philosophy 7, 4, 488–497.
doi:10.1111/1467-9760.00088
Blake, Michael (2002) “Distributive justice, state
coercion, and autonomy”. Philosophy and
Public Affairs 30, 3, 257–296.
doi:10.1111/j.1088-4963.2001.00257.x
Cohen, G. A. (1989) “On the currency of egalitarian
justice”. Ethics 99, 906–944.
doi:10.1086/293126
Goodin, Robert E. (1988) ‘What is so special about our
fellow countrymen?’ Ethics 98,
663–686.
doi:10.1086/292998
Green, Michael (2005) “Social justice, voluntarism,
and liberal nationalism”. Journal of
Moral Philosophy 2, 3, 265–283.
doi:10.1177/1740468105058155
Hellsten, Sirkku (2005) “Global justice and the demand
for global responsibility”. Journal of
Moral Philosophy 2, 3, 371–379.
doi:10.1177/1740468105058165
Horton, Keith (2004) “Famine and fanaticism: a
response to Kekes”. Philosophy 79, 2,
319–327.
doi:10.1017/S0031819104000282
Jamieson, Dale (2005) “Duties to the distant: aid,
assistance, and intervention in the developing world”. The Journal of Ethics 9, 1–2, 151–170.
doi:10.1007/s10892-004-3324-9
Kekes, John (2004) “Reply to Horton”. Philosophy 79, 2, 328–330.
doi:10.1017/S0031819104000294
Kekes, John (2002) “On the supposed obligation to
relieve famine”. Philosophy 77, 4,
503–517.
doi:10.1017/S0031819102000438
Kelly, Erin I. (2005) “Ethical disagreement in theory
and practice”. Journal of Social
Philosophy 36, 3, 382–387.
doi:10.1111/j.1467-9833.2005.00282.x
Miller, Richard W. (1998) “Cosmopolitan respect and
patriotic concern”. Philosophy and Public
Affairs 27, 3, 202–224.
doi:10.1111/j.1088-4963.1998.tb00068.x
Nagel, Thomas (2005) “The problem of global justice”. Philosophy and Public Affairs 33, 2,
113–147.
doi:10.1111/j.1088-4963.2005.00027.x
Rawls, John (1993) Political
liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press.
Singer, Peter (1972) “Famine, affluence, and
morality”. Philosophy and Public Affairs
1, 1, 229–243.
St. Clair, Asunción Lera (2006) “Global poverty:
development ethics meets global justice”. Globalizations 3, 2, 139–157.
doi:10.1080/14747730600702840
Sterba, James P. (2005) The triumph of practice over theory in ethics. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Tan, Kok-Chor (2003) “Patriotic obligations”. The Monist 86, 3, 434–453.
Vallentyne, Peter (2002) “Brute luck, option luck, and
equality of initial opportunities”. Ethics 112, 3, 529–557.
doi:10.1086/339275