N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) was used as a refining solvent to separate the diesel distillate of shale oil of Baoming oil shale, Xinjiang Province, China. The basic nitrogen and phenolic compounds of the shale oil diesel distillate were first concentrated in the extract oil, then enriched using column chromatography (CC) and thereafter analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The relative content of the basic nitrogen compounds were increased from 12.09% in the extract oil to 69.50% in the concentrated product by employing the CC method. The relative content of phenolic compounds was increased from 21.55% in the extract oil to 87.57% in the concentrated product. The results showed that the basic nitrogen and phenolic compounds in the diesel distillate of Baoming shale oil could be concentrated and separated gradiently by solvent refining and column chromatography. Sixty basic nitrogen compounds were identified in the concentrated product. Thirty-three phenolic compounds, mainly phenol, alkyl phenol, thymol, naphthol and alkyl naphthol, were identified in the final enriched product. The alkyl phenols consisted mainly of C1–C3 phenolic compounds.
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